Valoração de serviços ecossistêmicos culturais como estratégia para o planejamento urbano
Palavras-chave:
Serviços Ecossistêmicos, Parques Urbanos, Áreas Verdes Urbanas, Método de Valoração Contingente, Gastos PúblicosResumo
O crescimento da população urbana e as mudanças climáticas levaram a uma necessidade crescente de áreas verdes urbanas que forneçam serviços ecossistêmicos. Isso é particularmente verdadeiro em países em desenvolvimento com uma crescente demanda por infraestrutura e acesso à natureza. Este artigo visa demonstrar a importância dos serviços ecossistêmicos culturais na gestão urbana. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 1.144 usuários dos 10 parques da cidade do Recife. Usando o Método de Valoração Contingente, estimamos o impacto econômico dos parques no bem-estar da população. Com uma DAP estimada entre R$ 32,69 e R$ 40,47, representando em média 1,0 e 1,3% do rendimento médio dos respondentes. Os valores extrapolados para usuários potenciais dos parques mostraram o impacto econômico variando entre R$ 16,3 e R$ 30,6 milhões. Esse valor supera os recursos executados pelo município para gestão dos parques em um percentual entre 20 e 57%. Por um lado, os dados são altamente significativos porque demonstram como a população percebe a importância dessas áreas. Por outro lado, mostra que o impacto positivo na provisão desses serviços ecossistêmicos é altamente justificável para os tomadores de decisão locais para melhorar o bem-estar das populações urbanas.
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